The Journey of Far-Right Icon to Resistance Icon: This Surprising Evolution of the Frog
The protest movement isn't televised, though it may feature amphibious toes and large eyes.
Furthermore, it may involve a unicorn's horn or the plumage of a chicken.
Whilst protests against the administration persist in US cities, participants are utilizing the vibe of a community costume parade. They have taught salsa lessons, handed out snacks, and performed on unicycles, as police observe.
Mixing comedy and political action – a tactic experts term "tactical frivolity" – isn't novel. But it has become a defining feature of American protest in this period, used by both left and right.
One particular emblem has proven to be especially powerful – the frog. It started when recordings of an encounter between a man in a frog suit and ICE agents in the city of Portland, spread online. It subsequently appeared to protests across the country.
"There is much happening with that humble blow-up amphibian," says LM Bogad, a professor at UC Davis and a Guggenheim Fellow who studies performance art.
The Path From a Cartoon Frog to the Streets of Portland
It's challenging to examine demonstrations and amphibians without addressing Pepe, a cartoon character adopted by extremist movements throughout a previous presidential campaign.
Initially, when this image initially spread online, its purpose was to convey specific feelings. Subsequently, it was deployed to express backing for a political figure, even a particular image retweeted by that figure himself, portraying Pepe with recognizable attire and hairstyle.
The frog was also portrayed in right-wing online communities in darker contexts, portrayed as a hate group member. Participants exchanged "unique frog images" and established digital currency in his name. His catchphrase, "that feels good", became a coded signal.
However the character did not originate this divisive.
Its creator, the illustrator, has expressed about his unhappiness for its co-option. Pepe was supposed to be simply an apolitical figure in his comic world.
Pepe first appeared in comic strips in 2005 – apolitical and notable for a quirky behavior. In 'Feels Good Man', which follows the creator's attempt to take back of his creation, he explained the character came from his life with companions.
When he began, the artist experimented with sharing his art to the nascent social web, where other users began to copy, alter, and reinterpret his character. When the meme proliferated into fringe areas of online spaces, Mr Furie sought to reject his creation, even killing him off in a comic strip.
However, its legacy continued.
"This demonstrates that creators cannot own symbols," says the professor. "They transform and be reclaimed."
Until recently, the popularity of this meme meant that frogs were largely associated with conservative politics. This shifted in early October, when a viral moment between an activist wearing an inflatable frog costume and a federal agent in Portland, Oregon captured global attention.
The event occurred shortly after an order to send the National Guard to Portland, which was called "war-ravaged". Activists began to gather in droves outside a facility, just outside of a federal building.
Emotions ran high and a officer deployed a chemical agent at a protester, aiming directly into the air intake fan of the costume.
The individual, the man in the costume, quipped, stating he had tasted "something milder". However, the video went viral.
The frog suit fit right in for Portland, known for its quirky culture and activist demonstrations that embrace the ridiculous – public yoga, retro fitness classes, and nude cycling groups. A local saying is "Embrace the Strange."
This symbol even played a role in subsequent court proceedings between the federal government and Portland, which claimed the use of troops overstepped authority.
While the court ruled that month that the president was within its rights to send personnel, a minority opinion disagreed, noting in her opinion the protesters' "propensity for using unusual attire when expressing dissent."
"Some might view the majority's ruling, which accepts the government's characterization as a battlefield, as simply ridiculous," the dissenting judge opined. "Yet the outcome goes beyond absurdity."
The action was halted by courts just a month later, and troops withdrew from the city.
Yet already, the amphibian costume had become a powerful anti-administration symbol for the left.
The costume was spotted across the country at No Kings protests last autumn. There were frogs – and unicorns and axolotls and dinosaurs – in major US cities. They appeared in rural communities and big international cities abroad.
The frog costume was backordered on major websites, and saw its cost increase.
Mastering the Optics
The link between Pepe and the protest frog – is the dynamic between the humorous, benign cartoon and underlying political significance. Experts call this "tactical frivolity."
The strategy rests on what the professor terms the "irresistible image" – frequently absurd, it acts as a "appealing and non-threatening" display that calls attention to a message without needing obviously explaining them. It's the goofy costume you wear, or the meme you share.
Mr Bogad is both an expert in the subject and a veteran practitioner. He's written a book called 'Tactical Performance', and led seminars around the world.
"You could go back to historical periods – under oppressive regimes, they use absurdity to express dissent indirectly and while maintaining plausible deniability."
The theory of this approach is three-fold, Mr Bogad says.
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